【摘  要】 目的：探讨动脉粥样硬化（atherosclerosis，As）时二维超声、多普勒超声及超声-生理学指标评价方法。方法: 选取经临床确诊的As患者49例（观察组，observe group, OG）和正常人35例（对照组，control group, CG），超声检查颈总动脉（common carotid artery, CCA），测量血管内径、内膜-中膜厚度(intima-media thickness, IMT)以及多普勒血流参数，包括收缩期峰值血流速度(peak systolic velocity, PSV)、舒张末期血流速度(end diastolic velocity, EDV)、平均血流速度（mean velocity, MV），计算血管扩张系数（distensibility coefficient, Dc）、顺应系数（compliance coefficient, Cc）等，比较OG和CG之间的差异。结果: ①IMT：OG双侧CCA主干和分叉部IMT较CG显著增厚（P＜0.01)；② OG的PSV、EDV和MV均降低，与CG比较P＜0.05；③ Dc和Cc：OG较CG均减低，扩张系数两组比较P＜0.05；④颈动脉主干IMT与PSV、EDV、MV、Dc之间成负相关，与相应脉压(pulse pressure, PP)、收缩压(systolic blood pressure, SBP)、CCA的收缩期内径（systolic diameter, Ds）、舒张期内径（diastolic diameter, Dd）、动脉壁僵硬度(wall stiffness)β之间成正相关。结论: ①高频超声检查动脉IMT的 改变为超声评价As的准确方法；②血流动力学改变如PSV、EDV、MV降低和收缩期峰值血流速度与舒张末期血流速度比值(PSV/EDV)、搏动指数(pulsatility index, PI)、阻力指数(resistance index, RI)升高及③超声－生理学指标改变如Dc和Cc减低，僵硬度的增加可作为As辅助诊断指标。上海东方医院超声科宋树良

【关键词】  超声检查，多普勒; 动脉粥样硬化; 内-中膜厚度; 动脉壁功能

 Study of Evaluating Atherosclerosis by Two-diamention and Doppler Ultrasonography

SONG Shuliang, GAI Yonghao, Sun Mei, et al

Dept. of Ultrasound, East Hospital, Tongji University 200120, Shanghai

【Abstract】：Objective： To explore feasible values in diagnosing atherosclerosis (As) by ultrasound. Methods：Forty-nine patients with As (observe group, OG) and 35 normal subjects (control group, CG) were enrolled in the study. The ultrasonic data, including indices of hemodynamics, intima-media thickness (IMT) and ultrasound-physiology were obtained and compared between OG and CG.  Results: 1. IMTs of CCAs' trunks and bifurcations in OG were more significantly thicker than that in CG (P